Monitoring the presence of 13 active compounds in surface water collected from rural areas in northwestern Spain
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Título: | Monitoring the presence of 13 active compounds in surface water collected from rural areas in northwestern Spain |
Autor/a: | Iglesias Tilve, Alejandra Nebot García, Carolina Graciela Vázquez Belda, Beatriz Isabel Coronel Olivares, Claudia Franco Abuín, Carlos Manuel Cepeda Sáez, Alberto |
Centro/Departamento: | Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía |
Palabras chave: | Drugs | Urban | Rural | LC-MS/MS | Environmental water | Spain | |
Data: | 2014 |
Editor: | MDPI |
Cita bibliográfica: | Iglesias, A.; Nebot, C.; Vázquez, B.I.; Coronel-Olivares, C.; Abuín, C.M.F.; Cepeda, A. Monitoring the Presence of 13 Active Compounds in Surface Water Collected from Rural Areas in Northwestern Spain. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 5251-5272 |
Resumo: | Drug residues are considered environmental contaminants, and their occurrence has recently become a matter of concern. Analytical methods and monitoring systems are therefore required to control the continuous input of these drug residues into the environment. This article presents a suitable HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the simultaneous extraction, detection and quantification of residues of 13 drugs (antimicrobials, glucocorticosteroids, anti-inflammatories, anti-hypertensives, anti-cancer drugs and triphenylmethane dyes) in surface water. A monitoring study with 549 water samples was carried out in northwestern Spain to detect the presence of drug residues over two sampling periods during 2010, 2011 and 2012. Samples were collected from rural areas with and without farming activity and from urban areas. The 13 analytes were detected, and 18% of the samples collected showed positive results for the presence of at least one analyte. More collection sites were located in rural areas than in urban areas. However, more positive samples with higher concentrations and a larger number of analytes were detected in samples collected from sites located after the discharge of a WWTP. Results indicated that the WWTPs seems to act as a concentration point. Positive samples were also detected at a site located near a drinking water treatment plant |
Versión do editor: | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505251 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21752 |
DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph110505251 |
E-ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
Dereitos: | © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) |
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