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dc.contributor.authorSilva, Marisa
dc.contributor.authorBarreiro, Aldo
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez Villamayor, Paula
dc.contributor.authorOtero Fuertes, María Paz
dc.contributor.authorAzevedo, Joana
dc.contributor.authorAlfonso Rancaño, María Amparo
dc.contributor.authorBotana López, Luis Miguel
dc.contributor.authorVasconcelos, Vitor
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-09T08:10:17Z
dc.date.available2020-11-09T08:10:17Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.identifier.citationSilva, M.; Barreiro, A.; Rodriguez, P.; Otero, P.; Azevedo, J.; Alfonso, A.; Botana, L.M.; Vasconcelos, V. New Invertebrate Vectors for PST, Spirolides and Okadaic Acid in the North Atlantic. Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 1936-1960
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10347/23604
dc.description.abstractThe prevalence of poisoning events due to harmful algal blooms (HABs) has declined during the last two decades through monitoring programs and legislation, implemented mainly for bivalves. However, new toxin vectors and emergent toxins pose a challenge to public health. Several locations on the Portuguese coast were surveyed between 2009 and 2010 for three distinct biotoxin groups [saxitoxin (PST), spirolide (SPX) and okadaic acid (OA)], in 14 benthic species of mollusks and echinoderms. Our main goals were to detect new vectors and unravel the seasonal and geographical patterns of these toxins. PSTs were analyzed by the Lawrence method, SPXs by LC-MS/MS, and OA by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. We report 16 new vectors for these toxins in the North Atlantic. There were differences in toxin contents among species, but no significant geographical or seasonal patterns were found. Our results suggest that legislation should be adjusted to extend the monitoring of marine toxins to a wider range of species besides edible bivalves
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was partially funded by the Project MARBIOTECH (reference NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000047) within the SR & TD Integrated Program MARVALOR—Building research and innovation capacity for improved management and valorization of marine resources, supported by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2–O Novo Norte) and by the European Regional Development Fund, by the INTERREG IV projects Atlantox, Pharmatlantic, FCT project PesT-C/MAR/LA0015/2011, UP through IJUP projects and FEDER cofunded-grant: From Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain: AGL2012-40485-CO2-01. MS acknowledges FCT, FSE and MCTES for co-funding SFRH/BD/73269/2010, Vitor Ramos, João Paulo Machado and Jonathan Wilson
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
dc.subjectNew vectors
dc.subjectPST
dc.subjectOkadaic acid
dc.subjectSpirolides
dc.subjectNorth Atlantic
dc.titleNew Invertebrate Vectors for PST, Spirolides and Okadaic Acid in the North Atlantic
dc.typejournal article
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/md11061936
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.3390/md11061936
dc.type.hasVersionVoR
dc.identifier.essn1660-3397
dc.rights.accessRightsopen access
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Farmacoloxía
dc.description.peerreviewedSI


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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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 © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)





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